Migrating from AWS to Azure is a multi-step, careful process that involves significant planning, tool selection, and execution to minimize down time and ensure data integrity. Here's a comprehensive step-by-step guide:
1. Assess and Plan Migration
- Define Objectives: The reasons for migrating (e.g. cost efficiency, integration with Microsoft services)
- Inventory Resources: List out what you have in AWS, including EC2, RDS, S3 buckets, Lambda functions, etc., and network configurations.
- Evaluate Dependencies: Identify interdependent workloads and services to avoid disruptions.
- Select Migration Approach: Decide between lift-and-shift (rehosting), re-platforming, or rearchitecting your applications.
2. Prepare Azure Environment
- Set Up Azure Account: Create an Azure subscription and set up resource groups.
- Plan Azure Infrastructure:
Define virtual networks (VNets), subnets, and access controls.
Configure hybrid networking with Azure VPN Gateway or ExpressRoute for secure connectivity.
- Identity Management: Establish Azure Active Directory for user access and roles. Integrate it with other systems as required.
3. Select Migration Tools
Native tools exist in Azure, and third-party solutions may be required to supplement the migration process. Primary tools include:
- Azure Migrate: Central location for server, database, and application migrations.
- Azure Site Recovery (ASR): Assists in VM migrations with minimal downtime.
- Azure Database Migration Service (DMS): For databases like RDS to Azure SQL Database or Cosmos DB.
- Third-Party Tools: CloudEndure or Carbonite, etc. for complex migration
4. Migrate Compute Resources
- Map Resources: Find Azure equivalent for the AWS EC2 instance such as Azure Virtual Machines (VMs) or Azure App Services
- Move VMs: Using Azure Migrate replicate and move the AWS EC2 instance to Azure VMs.
- Test Workloads: After migration, test for compatibility, performance, and stability in the Azure environment.
5. Migrate Storage
- Blob Storage: Migrate AWS S3 data into the Azure Blob Storage using the Data Factory or AzCopy.
- File Storage: EFS or EBS volumes will migrate into Azure Files or Azure Managed Disks.
- Validation: Validate integrity of the data and security after migration.
6. Migrate Databases
- Assessment: Assess cross-compatibility between AWS RDS or DynamoDB and Azure SQL Database or Cosmos DB.
- Migration Options:
- Implement online, low-downtime migrations with DMS.
- Export and import data where the databases are relatively small.
- Test: Confirm database performance and query compatibility after migration.
7. Networking Configuration
- Recreate Network settings: Map AWS Security Groups, VPCs, and Network ACLs to Azure VNets and Network Security Groups (NSGs)
- DNS Configuration: Update DNS records to forward traffic to Azure-hosted services.
- Load Balancing: Establish Azure Load Balancer or Application Gateway if necessary.
8. Test and Fine Tune
- Testing: Perform the functionality, integration, and performance tests to ensure that the environment meets the business requirements.
- Cost Management: Use Azure Cost Management tools to monitor and control the spending.
- Security Hardening: Use Azure Security Center to implement security best practices and manage compliance.
9. Cut Over
- Final Sync: Perform incremental data synchronisation to ensure that all data is fresh.
- Switch Traffic: Redirect traffic to Azure services and monitor user experience.
- Monitor Operations: Use Azure Monitor and Log Analytics to identify and resolve issues in real-time.
10. Decommission AWS Resources
- Confirm Migration: Ensure all applications and data are fully operational in Azure.
- Decommission Resources: Shut down AWS resources to prevent unnecessary costs.
- Backup and Disaster Recovery: Configure Azure Backup and Site Recovery to safeguard data and ensure continuity.
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